![]() In 1830, according to Walter Prescott Webb, there were "more Anglo-Americans in Texas than there were Mexicans and Indians combined." Scholars say that in 1492 nearly 10 million natives inhabited North America, but by the middle of the 19th century this population had dwindled by 90 percent. These early migrants arrived here possibly by crossing over the land bridge between Alaska and Asia and moving south. In prehistoric times – as far back as 37,000 years ago, some anthropologists estimate – primitive peoples who are the ancestors of modern American Indians existed in Texas.Ī burial site in the Permian Basin, dated to 12,000 years ago, was discovered in 1953 and the skeletal remains labeled "Midland Minnie." Lubbock Lake park is at the site of a primitive civilization dated to 12,000 years ago, as well. Often, two named "tribes" encountered by adventurers were actually the same tribe but labeled differently by French and Spanish. Some, like the Karankawas and Jumanos, show up only briefly in modern history, having disappeared about the time of the first European settlement. ![]() Tribes, clans, families, bands, alliances, confederations:Īll these terms have been used to describe the various indigenous groupings that populated this region. Obviously, the 20th century has seen the return of a culture to Texas.īefore 1900, historians have estimated, more than 50 Indian "nations" roamed the prairies, or had more permanent settlements, in what is now the state of Texas. The state is filled with Indian names, as evidence – Cherokee County, cities like Waxahachie, Anahuac and Nacogdoches, and places like Caddo Lake and Comanche Peak. ![]() The statistics belie the fact that there is a much longer history of Indians in Texas. census counted only 470 American Indians in Texas. ![]()
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